Felony Punishments: A Factorial Survey of Perceived Justice in Criminal Sentencing

Structural bias in the sentencing of felony defendants.

As incarceration rates have risen in the US, so has the overrepresentation of African Americans and Latinos among prison inmates. Whether and to what degree these disparities are due to bias in the criminal courts remains a contentious issue. This article pursues two lines of argument toward a structural account of bias in the criminal law, focusing on (1) cumulative disadvantages that may accr...

Gender Differences in Criminal Sentencing

Objective. Many studies find that females benefit from their gender in sentencing decisions. Few researchers, however, address whether the gender-sentencing association might be stronger for some crimes, such as minor nonviolent offending, and weaker for other offenses, such as serious violent crime. Method. Using a large random sample of convicted offenders in Texas drawn from a statewide proj...

Risk Assessment in Criminal Sentencing.

The past several years have seen a surge of interest in using risk assessment in criminal sentencing, both to reduce recidivism by incapacitating or treating high-risk offenders and to reduce prison populations by diverting low-risk offenders from prison. We begin by sketching jurisprudential theories of sentencing, distinguishing those that rely on risk assessment from those that preclude it. ...

a survey of translation of metaphors in holy quran – part 20&21

چکیده ندارد.

Survey of Criminal Justice Subject-Matter Baccalaureate Programs